2-3 Trees
An increase in the height will occur if every
node on the path from the root of the tree to the
leaf where we tried to insert an item contains
two values.
In this case, the recursive process of splitting a node
and moving a value up to the node's parent will
eventually reach the root.
This means we will need to split the root. You split
the root into two new nodes and create a new node
that contains the middle value. This new node is the
new root of the tree.