2-3-4 and red-black Trees
The advantage of both the 2-3 and 2-3-4 trees
is that they are easy to maintain balance (not that their
height is shorter due to the extra comparisons required)
where the 2-3-4 tree has an advantage is that the
insertion/deletion algs require only one pass through the
tree so they are simpler than those for a 2-3 tree
decrease in effort makes them attractive..........