Static Data Members
//static data member declaration (class interface)
class class_name {
   ...
   static data_type static_data_member;
   ...
};
A static data member's definition must be supplied only
once and is usually placed in the class implementation file.
A static data member's definition must be preceded by the
class name and the scope resolution operator before the
static data member's identifier.
//static data member definition (class implementation)
data_type class_name::static_data_member = initial_value;