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When
we use the keyword static in the declaration a data
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member,
only one occurrence of that data member exists
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for
all instances of the class. Such data members belong to
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the
class and not to an individual object and are called
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static
data members. Static data represents class data rather
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than
object data.
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To
specify a static data member, we must supply the
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declaration
inside the class interface and the definition
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outside
the class interface. Unlike a non-static data
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member,
a static data member's declaration does not cause
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memory
to be allocated when an object is defined.
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