Static Members
To specify static member functions, we must declare the
functions to be static in the class definition (interface
file) using the keyword static .
Then, define those static member functions in the class
implementation file.
The definition of our static member functions should
look identical to the definition of non-static member
functions.
The scope of a static member function is the same as that
of a non-static member function.
Access to a static member function from outside the class
is the same as access to a non-static member function and
depends on whether the member is declared as public,
protected, or private.