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We
can assign pointers to derived class objects to point to
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base
class objects. We can also use derived class objects to
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initialize
references to base class objects.
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Using
this account class hierarchy, whenever we need a
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pointer
to an account object, we can use a pointer to a
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checking,
student, or savings object. This is called
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upcasting
even though no cast operation is necessary.
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This
is because every checking, student, and savings object
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contains
an account object. When we are pointing to a
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checking,
student, or savings object, we are also pointing
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to an
account object.
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When
we are pointing to an account object, we do not have
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access
to a checking, student, or savings objects.
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