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By
defining a class that is based on another class, using
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inheritance,
one class is a specialization of another.
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Such
a class is said to be a derived class.
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The
class it is derived from is a base class.
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The
derived class inherits the base class' members.
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The
benefit of this type of relationship is that it allows
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reuse
of existing code from the base class and allows us
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to
focus on the new or specialized behavior in the derived
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class.
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An
existing program should not be aware that a new
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derived
class has been created if the specialized
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relationship
is properly defined and encapsulated.
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